Chapter 6 : Deductive reasoning, Inductive Reasoning and Assumptions in arguments.

 Chapter 6 : Deductive reasoning, Inductive Reasoning and Assumptions in arguments.

1. Argument - an argument consists of statements which form the premise (or premises) and a conclusion. 

Premise indicators :

Conclusion indicators :


2. Reasoning - there's two main types of reasonings (deductive and inductive)

  • Deductive - the arguments starts from a general statement or rule (conclusion or claim), followed by the premises on which it is based.
  • Inductive - starts with specific observation and then followed by general conclusions.

3. Assumptions- the information that is not stated or is presupposed by the author in the argument.

  • Assumptions can also be either accurate or inaccurate, logical or illogical, and justified or unjustified.
  • the missing or presupposed information in an arguments.

4. Inference - a conclusion made based on given information.

  • Inference and assumptions can be either accurate or inaccurate, logical or illogical, and justified or unjustified.

✅ SUMMARY OF THIS TOPIC
  • Arguments consists of premise(s) and conclusion
  • There is two main type of reasoning in arguments - deductive and inductive
  • Assumptions in arguments
  • - missing or presupposed information
  • - the inference is a conclusion based on given information

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